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Supreme Head of the Church of England
Supreme Head of the Church of England was a title held by Kings Henry VIII and Edward VI of England, signifying their leadership of the Church of England.
==History==
The title was created for King Henry VIII, who was responsible for the English Catholic church breaking away from the authority of the Roman Catholic Church after the Pope excommunicated Henry in 1533 over his divorce from Catherine of Aragon. By 1536, Henry had broken with Rome, seized the church's assets in England and declared the Church of England as the established church with himself as its head. The Act of Supremacy of 1534 confirmed the King's status as having supremacy over the church and required the nobility to swear an oath recognising Henry's supremacy.〔(Catholic Encyclopedia: Henry Viii )〕 Henry's daughter, Queen Mary I, a staunch Catholic, attempted to restore the English church's allegiance to the pope and repealed the Act of Supremacy in 1555.〔(Catholic Encyclopedia: Mary Tudor )〕 Her half-sister, the Protestant Elizabeth I, took the throne in 1558 and the next year, Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy of 1559 that restored the original act.〔(Elizabeth's Supremacy Act (1559) )〕 The new Oath of Supremacy that nobles were required to swear gave the queen's title as ''Supreme Governor'' of the church rather than ''Supreme Head'', a move designed to be more inclusive of Catholics.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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